zabbix2 + centos7建置筆記

發表於 | 分類於 |

1. LAMP

Linux,Apache,MariaDB,PHP

Linux

安裝centos7。

Apache

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yum install httpd

跟著回答 “y” 後便會完成安裝, 然後輸入以下指令啟動及設定 Apache 開機自動執行:

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systemctl start httpd
systemctl enable httpd

這時 Apache 已經啟動了, 可以在瀏覽器輸入伺服器的位置試試, 例如 http://localhost

MariaDB

執行以下指令安裝 MariaDB:

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yum install mariadb-server mariadb

![](https://i.imgur.com/LM7jIy7.png

啟動及設定開機自動執行 MariaDB:

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systemctl start mariadb
systemctl enable mariadb

執行以下指令設定 MariaDB 的 root 密碼, 預設是空密碼, 所以建議盡快修改:

設定 mysql

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mysql_secure_installation


/usr/bin/mysql_secure_installation: line 379: find_mysql_client: command not found
NOTE: RUNNING ALL PARTS OF THIS SCRIPT IS RECOMMENDED FOR ALL MariaDB
  	SERVERS IN PRODUCTION USE!  PLEASE READ EACH STEP CAREFULLY!
In order to log into MariaDB to secure it, we'll need the current
password for the root user.  If you've just installed MariaDB, and
you haven't set the root password yet, the password will be blank,
so you should just press enter here.
Enter current password for root (enter for none): 
OK, successfully used password, moving on...
Setting the root password ensures that nobody can log into the MariaDB
root user without the proper authorisation.


是否更新root使用者密碼或者N 
Set root password? [Y/n] y ## Enter Y and press Enter
New password:   ## Enter new password
Re-enter new password:  ## Enter password again
Password updated successfully!
Reloading privilege tables..
 ... Success!
By default, a MariaDB installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyone
to log into MariaDB without having to have a user account created for
them.  This is intended only for testing, and to make the installation
go a bit smoother.  You should remove them before moving into a
production environment.

是否要刪除匿名使用者
Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] y  ## Enter Y and press Enter
 ... Success!
Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from 'localhost'.  This
ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network.

是否不允許遠端登入root
Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] y  ## Enter Y and press Enter
 ... Success!
By default, MariaDB comes with a database named 'test' that anyone can
access.  This is also intended only for testing, and should be removed
before moving into a production environment.

是否刪除測試資料庫
Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] y  ## Enter Y and press Enter
 - Dropping test database...
 ... Success!
 - Removing privileges on test database...
 ... Success!
Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far
will take effect immediately.

是否重新讀取權限
Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] y  ## Enter Y and press Enter
 ... Success!
Cleaning up...
All done!  If you've completed all of the above steps, your MariaDB
installation should now be secure.
Thanks for using MariaDB!

完成後可以用測試一下 MariaDB 是否已經啟動:

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mysql -u root -p

PHP

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yum install php php-mysql php-gd php-pear -y

Test PHP:

testphp.php

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vi /var/www/html/testphp.php

加入以下幾行

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<?php 
phpinfo(); 
?>

重啟 httpd service:

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systemctl restart httpd

2. zabbix

安裝zabbix 2.4

安裝EPEL repository

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yum install epel-release

加入zabbix相關源

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rpm --import http://repo.zabbix.com/RPM-GPG-KEY-ZABBIX
rpm -Uv  http://repo.zabbix.com/zabbix/2.4/rhel/7/x86_64/zabbix-release-2.4-1.el7.noarch.rpm

安裝zabbix-server

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yum install zabbix-server-mysql zabbix-web-mysql zabbix-agent zabbix-java-gateway

更改zabbix server時區

編輯 /etc/httpd/conf.d/zabbix:

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vi /etc/httpd/conf.d/zabbix.conf

更改時區

php_value date.timezone Asia/Taipei

重啟服務

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Restart the httpd
systemctl restart httpd

創建zabbix群組及使用者

在終端上輸入命令

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groupadd zabbix 
useradd zabbix -g zabbix

創建DB使用者及資料庫

登入 MariaDB

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mysql -u root -p

建立zabbix資料庫及zabbix使用者

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Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 10
Server version: 5.5.41-MariaDB MariaDB Server
Copyright (c) 2000, 2014, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

MariaDB [(none)]> create database zabbix character set utf8;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.05 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> grant all privileges on zabbix.* to 'zabbix'@'localhost' identified by 'zabbix';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.21 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> exit
Bye

導入zabbix模板資料庫

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mysql -u root -p zabbix < /usr/share/doc/zabbix-server-mysql-2.4.8/create/schema.sql

mysql -u root -p zabbix < /usr/share/doc/zabbix-server-mysql-2.4.8/create/images.sql

mysql -u root -p zabbix < /usr/share/doc/zabbix-server-mysql-2.4.8/create/data.sql

設置zabbix與資料庫連接

編輯 /etc/zabbix/zabbix_server.conf

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vi /etc/zabbix/zabbix_server.conf

確認剛剛設定好的資料庫名、使用者、密碼

  • DBName
  • DBUser
  • DBPassword
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LogFile=/var/log/zabbix/zabbix_server.log
LogFileSize=0

PidFile=/var/run/zabbix/zabbix_server.pid

DBHost=localhost
DBName=zabbix
DBUser=zabbix
DBPassword=zabbix
DBSocket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

StartPollers=20
StartIPMIPollers=0
StartPollersUnreachable=1
StartTrappers=5
StartPingers=1
StartDiscoverers=5
StartHTTPPollers=1

SNMPTrapperFile=/var/log/snmptt/snmptt.log

CacheSize=8M
StartDBSyncers=4
HistoryCacheSize=32M
TrendCacheSize=4M
ValueCacheSize=32M
Timeout=3
TrapperTimeout=300
UnreachablePeriod=45
UnavailableDelay=60
UnreachableDelay=15

AlertScriptsPath=/usr/lib/zabbix/alertscripts
ExternalScripts=/usr/lib/zabbix/externalscripts

編輯php設定檔，進行調優

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vi /etc/php.ini

修改php.ini內的數值。

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max_execution_time = 600
max_input_time = 600
memory_limit = 256M
post_max_size = 32M
upload_max_filesize = 16M
date.timezone = Asia/Taipei

讓防火牆開啟10050及10051

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Adjust Firewall and SELinux settings
Adjust iptables to allow the zabbix ports 10050 and 10051.
firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port=10050/tcp
firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port=10051/tcp

重新啟動防火牆

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systemctl restart firewalld

3. 啟動zabbix

用瀏覽器進入http://yourip/zabbix，開始初步設定zabbix。

檢查PHP服務

連線資料庫(輸入user跟passwd)

設定初始名稱

再次確認所有狀態

設置完畢

成功！zabbix主頁

常見問題

[問題] zabbix-server沒有啓動成功


登入zabbix後會出現”Zabbix server is not running: the information displayed may not be current.”

如何解決：

查看zabbix-server狀態

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systemctl status zabbix-server

看到zabbix-server並沒有啓動成功

啓動zabbix-server

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systemctl start zabbix-server

啓動後 在看一次zabbix-server狀態

看到綠色文字的地方已經顯示成功啓動

在刷新一次網頁

這樣就沒有提示錯誤，這是比較簡單的除錯方法，如果還不能解決有可能是端口沒有開放導致，可以先netstat查看端口。

查看zabbix_server端口

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netstat -tulpn | grep zabbix_server

zabbix-agent Error

如果agent端出錯報紅，可以先參考上方zabbix-server解決方式進行排除。

可查看zabbix_server及zabbix_agentd的日誌
/var/log/zabbix/zabbix_server.log(是否有啟動錯誤)
/var/log/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.log(是否正常連線)

如假設都資料庫及zabbix_server皆已正常，建議查看Zabbix_server.conf的配置

檔案參考連結(Zabbix_server.conf) 帶新增

[問題] 選單中沒有繁體中文

修改zabbix源文件

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vim /usr/share/zabbix/include/locales.inc.php

找出’zh_TW’

大概在56行的位置將display改成true，如下圖。

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'zh_TW' => array('name' => _('Chinese (zh_TW)'),        'display' => true),

修改後就可以設定繁體中文了

[問題] 圖形 中文亂碼


修改zabbix 介面無法顯示中文字體的錯誤

如何解決：

下載微軟雅黑字型檔

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wget https://github.com/StellarCN/scp_zh/raw/master/fonts/SimHei.ttf
chmod 755 SimHei.ttf
sudo mv SimHei.ttf /usr/share/zabbix/fonts/SIMHEI.ttf

修改配置文件

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sudo vim /usr/share/zabbix/include/defines.inc.php

搜尋兩個名稱並修改對應字型

ZBX_GRAPH_FONT_NAME

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define('ZBX_GRAPH_FONT_NAME',           'graphfont');
改爲
define('ZBX_GRAPH_FONT_NAME',           'SIMHEI');

ZBX_FONT_NAME

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define('ZBX_FONT_NAME', 'graphfont');
改爲
define('ZBX_FONT_NAME', 'SIMHEI');

或也可以直接將原字型graphfont取代成SIMHEI

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# 在VIM內輸入
:1,$s/graphfont/SIMHEI/g

在刷新一次圖形頁面